Reading allows a tool to inspect supported names, metadata, sizes, or contents. Writing allows it to modify or remove an item. These capabilities can differ.

A read-only disk can produce scan results while every removal fails. A folder can be readable while a file is locked, owned by another user, open by a process, or protected by macOS.

Full Disk Access expands supported read access to protected privacy locations but does not make every disk writable or bypass all system protection.

Before a change, confirm:

  • The volume is writable and unlocked.
  • The item is not in use.
  • The current user owns or is authorized to change it.
  • The action-specific macOS prompt is expected.

Do not alter ownership or major security controls for an unknown item.